PERBANDINGAN HASIL GAMBARAN PROSESUS CORACOID PADA PROYEKSI AP AXIAL DENGAN VARIASI ARAH SINAR 30, 35 DAN 40 CRANIALLY DI LABORATORIUM RADIOLOGI STIKes MALUKU HUSADA

The coracoid process, a bony protrusion on the scapula, is an
attachment point for muscles and ligaments that are important for shoulder stability.
Shoulder radiography, particularly the AP axial projection, is used to evaluate injuries
such as fractures or dislocations. However, superimposition with structures such as the
clavicle often interferes with optimal visualization. Variations in the cranial beam angle
affect image quality, but there is no consensus on the optimal angle, leading to variability
in radiographic practices. Objective: To determine the effect of 30°, 35°, and 40° cranial
beam angles on the AP axial projection on the quality of the coracoid process image, and
to identify the optimal angle for clear visualization with minimal superimposition and
distortion.
Research Method: An experimental quantitative study was conducted on August
28, 2025, at the Radiology Laboratory of STIKes Maluku Husada. Three male patients
(aged 21-22 years) were imaged with AP axial projections at angles of 30°, 35°, and 40°
cranially (a total of 9 images). Assessment was performed by two radiologists and three
radiographers using Visual Grading Analysis (VGA) with a scale of 1-4 for anatomical
detail, no superposition, no magnification, and no distortion.
Results: A 35° cranial angle produced a VGA score of 100% (median anatomical
detail 4, no superimposition 3, agreement 100%), superior to 40° (90%) and 30° (60%).
The 35° angle demonstrated optimal anatomical clarity and minimal superimposition.
Conclusion: The 35° cranial angle is the optimal choice for visualizing the coracoid
process, supporting the standardization of radiographic protocols for accurate diagnosis
and patient safety.